|
''Les Nabis'' (pronounced ''nah-BEE'') were a group of Post-Impressionist avant-garde artists who set the pace for fine arts and graphic arts in France in the 1890s. Initially a group of friends interested in contemporary art and literature, most of them studied at the private art school of Rodolphe Julian (''Académie Julian'') in Paris in the late 1880s. In 1890, they began to participate successfully in public exhibitions, while most of their artistic output remained in private hands or in the possession of the artists themselves. By 1896, the unity of the group had already begun to break: The ''Homage to Cézanne'', painted by Maurice Denis in 1900, recollects memories of a time already gone, before even the term ''Nabis'' had been revealed to the public. Meanwhile, most members of the group—Maurice Denis, Pierre Bonnard, Édouard Vuillard—could stand, artistically, on their own. Only Paul Sérusier had problems to overcome—though it was his ''Talisman'', painted at the advice of Paul Gauguin, that had revealed to them the way to go. ==Origin of the term== ''Nabi'' means ''prophet''〔The French term ''nabi'' (also used in English) refers to a person inspired to speak the word of God is clearly related to the Hebrew term for ''prophet'' — נביא (navi) — and the similar Arabic word نَبِيّ (nábi). The word appears in many languages, including Indonesian.〕 in Hebrew and in Arabic. Les Nabis originated as a rebellious group of young student artists who banded together at the Académie Julian. Paul Sérusier galvanized Les Nabis, and provided the name and disseminated the example of Paul Gauguin among them. Pierre Bonnard, Édouard Vuillard and Maurice Denis became the best known of the group; at the time, however, they were somewhat peripheral to the core group. The term was coined by the poet Henri Cazalis who drew a parallel between the way these painters aimed to revitalize painting (as ''prophets of modern art'') and the way the ancient prophets had rejuvenated Israel.〔Oxford English Dictionary, headword ''nabi''〕 Possibly the nickname arose because "most of them wore beards, some were Jews and all were desperately earnest".〔Hanson, L. & Hanson, E., ''Post-Impressionists'' xi. page 277〕 Les Nabis regarded themselves as initiates, and used a private vocabulary. They called a studio ''ergasterium'', and ended their letters with the initials ''E.T.P.M.V. et M.P.'', meaning "En ta paume, mon verbe et ma pensée" ("In the palm of your hand, my word and my thoughts.") 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Les Nabis」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|